Essay about The Urbanization of Poverty - 2440 Words

The majority of poor people are those who experience chronic -- and even multigenerational -- poverty (Iceland, 2003). In the United States many of the chronically poor live in urban environments. These environments, characterized by high concentrations of poor high concentrations of people of color and concentrated disadvantage, have been characterized as areas of moral as well as economic failure. In this paper, I will contend that conditions in these regions serve to hold individuals in poverty and to perpetuate multigenerational poverty through diminished human capital and reduced social capital. Human capital is defined as the skills and abilities that enable an individual to behave in a manner that is successful in his or her†¦show more content†¦Massey counters that the limited mobility of African-Americans placed them at a significant disadvantage with respect to the effects of living in areas of concentrated disadvantage (Massey, Condran and Denton, 1987; Massey, 1996). Because of a history of housing discrimination, blacks are the most racially segregated group in the United States. As a result, when poverty rates rose during the 1970’s and 1980’s, due to structural changes in the economy, the brunt of that poverty was born in predominantly black neighborhoods. Second, because of increasing class segregation, the brunt of all unemployment was felt in neighborhoods that were both predominantly black and predominantly poor (Massey, 1996). The effects of concentrated poverty are magnified in minority children. Black and Latinos are more likely to live in predominantly poor areas. As a result, 30% of all Latino and 40% of all Black children attend schools that are between 70% and 100% poor while 6% of white children attend schools that are more than 70% poor (Center for Cities and Schools). The effects of being educated in schools that are both racially and economically segregated are overwhelmingly negative. Children in racially and segregated schools tend to have worse educational outcomes than other students and are more likely to be suspended or expelled or to drop out before graduation. Failure to complete school contributes to a lifelong lack of humanShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Book Humans Of The Streets 1553 Words   |  7 PagesRecently, urbanization has become the newest form of progress. However, it seems that urbanization has created some unforeseen problems. Bocquier suggests â€Å"economic uncertainties that prevail in most urban settings lead to a deterioration of living conditions†¦this deterioration particularly affects the urban poor† (pg. 1). As society began to change and progress at such a quick pace, many people have been left behind and have had to adapt to survive to their new environments. 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